In some ways, Washington juvenile offenders may be treated differently than they would be if they were adult offenders. Both the Washington Supreme Court and the U.S. Supreme Court have acknowledged that “children are different.” In a recent case, a juvenile defendant challenged her sentence. She was a first-time offender. …
To convict a defendant of vehicular homicide in a Washington criminal case, the state must prove that the defendant’s conduct was the proximate cause of the victim’s death. In Washington law, the term “proximate cause” includes both actual cause and legal cause. In a recent case, a defendant challenged his…
Generally, unless there is an applicable exception, both the Washington and U.S. constitutions require a warrant supported by probable cause before someone acting on behalf of the government can conduct a search. One exception to the warrant requirement applies to school officials. Under the school search exception, a school official…
Challenging irrelevant or prejudicial evidence is often a significant part of defense in a Washington state criminal case. Evidence of prior bad acts by the defendant is not admissible to show the defendant’s propensity to commit the charged crime, but may be admissible for other purposes, such as showing intent…
In any criminal case, the prosecution must prove all elements of the crime, including the mens rea, or intent. Depending on the facts of the case and the crime charged, the intent element can sometimes be difficult for the prosecution to prove. This can be especially true in Washington domestic…
Defendants in Washington criminal cases often challenge the evidence used against them. One way to challenge evidence is to challenge the validity of the search warrant used to obtain it. When a court issues a search warrant, it must determine there is probable cause based on the facts presented to…
In a series of decisions, the United States Supreme Court held that it is unconstitutional to impose certain severe sentences on juvenile offenders. The Court first found the death penalty unconstitutional for juvenile offenders. Then, it found a sentence of life without parole to be unconstitutional for any juvenile offender…
Evidence collected from an unlawful search is generally not admissible in a Washington criminal case. If, however, the evidence is ultimately obtained pursuant to lawful means independent of the lawful search, it may be admissible. When considering this “independent source doctrine,” the court must consider whether the illegally obtained evidence…
In a Washington criminal case, the court must generally impose a sentence within the standard sentence range. RCW 9.94A.505. In some circumstances, however, the court may deviate from the standard range. These exceptions include exceptional sentences, first-time offender waivers, and Drug Offender Sentencing Alternative (DOSA). DOSA allows a reduced sentence,…
Washington Juvenile Courts are subject to their own rules, which may be different from the rules and procedures that apply to a criminal trial of an adult. A juvenile being tried in a juvenile court does not have a right to a jury. RCW 13.04.021. The case is instead heard…